2023年考研英语大纲与去年相比有变化，新增15个单词，趁着冲刺阶段还有时间赶紧背，词汇包括ascribe，benevolent，broker等，下面我们来看详细的新增词汇和解释，供参考！
2023年英语二大纲新增15个词汇如下：
1、ascribe v.将...归因于
【例句】
1）把…归因于；认为…是由于
He ascribed his failure to bad luck.他认为自己的失败是运气不好。
2）认为…是（某人）所写
This play is usually ascribed to Shakespeare.通常认为这部剧是莎士比亚所写。
【真题再现】
Rather,we ascribe meanings to texts on the basis of interaction between what we might call textual and contextual material:between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in a text’s formal structures(so especially its language structures)and various kinds of background,social knowledge,belief and attitude that we bring to the text.
2、benevolent adj.仁慈的
【例句】
1）慈善的；仁慈的；乐善好施的
The company has proved to be a most benevolent employer.结果证明该公司是一个非常仁慈的雇主。
【真题再现】
Well,I believe there's a benevolent future with AI.I also think you watch too many science fiction films.
3、broker n.经纪人v.协商，调停
【例句】
1）经纪人；掮客
an insurance broker保险经纪人
【真题再现】
“Instead of 20 to 30 offers,now maybe you only get two or three,”says John Tealdi,a Bay Area real-estate broker.
4、buffer n.缓冲器，缓冲区v.缓冲
【例句】
1）缓冲物；起缓冲作用的
Support from family and friends acts as a buffer against stress.家庭和朋友的支持有助于减缓压力。
【真题再现】
researchers calculated that the stress-buffering effects of hugging explained 32 percent of that beneficial effect.Even among those who got a cold,those who felt greater social supportand received more frequent hugs had less severe symptoms.
5、choir n.唱诗班，合唱团
【例句】
1）（教堂的）唱诗班；（公开演出的）合唱团，歌唱队
She sings in the school choir.她是校合唱队的成员。
【真题再现】
a desperate man walk by a store as a small choir sings"point him to the jewelry so he won"t buy a"vacuum"
6、chunk n.厚块儿，大部分v.将...分成几个部分
【例句】
1）厚块；厚片；大块
a chunk of cheese一块厚厚的奶酪
2）相当大的量
I've already written a fair chunk of the article.我已写出文章的大部分。
【真题再现】
A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic 20 that contains a large amount of personal data.
7、custody n.监管，拘留，监护权
【例句】
1）监护；保管；监护权；保管权
The divorce court awarded custody to the child's mother.离婚法庭把监护权判给了孩子的母亲。
2）（尤指在候审时的）拘留，拘押，羁押
【真题再现】
暂时没找到
8、decree n.法令，政令；v.裁决，颁布
【例句】
1）法令；政令
to issue/sign a decree颁布╱签署法令
2）（法院的）裁定，判决
3）裁定；判决；颁布
The government decreed a state of emergency.政府下令进入紧急状态。
【真题再现】
暂时没找到
9、discharge n.v.解雇、排放、放电、开火、卸货、偿还债务...
【例句】
1）准许（某人）离开；解雇
Patients were being discharged from the hospital too early.病人都过早获准出院。
2）释放
He was conditionally discharged after admitting the theft.他承认偷盗行为后被有条件地释放了。
【真题再现】
暂时没找到
10、eradicate v.根除，消灭，杜绝
【例句】
1）根除；消灭；杜绝
We are determined to eradicate racism from our sport.
我们决心要杜绝体育竞技活动中的种族歧视现象。
近义表达：wipe out
【真题再现】
Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger,from genetically engineered crops to artificial fertilizers.Here,too,the problems are social:the organization and distribution of food,wealth and prosperity.
11、hybrid n.杂交动植物，混合物；adj.杂交的，混合的
【例句】
1）杂种动物；杂交植物；杂种
hybrid rice杂交水稻
2）（不同事物的）混合物，合成物
The music was a hybrid of Western pop and traditional folk song.这种音乐融合了西方流行音乐和传统民歌。
【真题再现】
This curious hybrid certainly has its strengths.Americans have more choice than anybody else,and their health-care system is much more innovative.
12、landscape n.风景，局面v.对...做景观美化
【例句】
1）（陆上，尤指乡村的）风景，景色
an urban/industrial landscape都市/工业景观
【真题再现】
assumingyou're lost in an area humanstend tofrequent,look for the【marks】weleaveon the landscape.
13、pottery n.陶器，陶艺
【例句】
1）陶器（尤指手工制的）
a piece of pottery一件陶制品
2）陶土
3）制陶手艺；制陶技艺
4）制陶作坊；陶窑；陶器工厂
【真题再现】
on the basis of inadequate information,that farming,pottery making,and metallurgy all originated in ancient Egypt and diffused throughout the world.
14、predator n.捕食性动物，掠夺者
【例句】
1）捕食性动物
the relationship between predator and prey捕食性动物与猎物之间的关系
2）实行弱肉强食的人（或机构）；剥削者；掠夺者
to protect domestic industry from foreign predators保护本国工业不受外来剥削
同源动词：prey
【真题再现】
It is only in recent years that we hear the more honest argument that predators are members of the community,and that no special interest has the right to exterminate them for the sake of a benefit,real or fancied,to itself.
15、strand n.一股，一缕，一部分；v.使滞留，使搁浅
【例句】
1）（线、绳、金属线、毛发等的）股，缕
a strand of wool一股羊毛
2）（观点、计划、故事等的）部分，方面
The author draws the different strands of the plot together in the final chapter.作者在最后一章把不同的情节线索归拢到了一起。
3）（海洋、湖或河的）岸，滨
4）使滞留
The strike left hundreds of tourists stranded at the airport.这场罢工使成百上千的游客滞留在机场。
5）使搁浅
The ship was stranded on a sandbank.船在沙洲上搁浅了。
【真题再现】
暂时没找到
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